Influenza is highly infectious with a usual incubation period of one to three days. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and. Influenza flu is a respiratory illness that can be serious, sometimes leading to hospitalization and even death. During the pandemic, there were fewer than 500 laboratory confirmed deaths from influenza ah1n1v in the. Influenza chapter of the green book can be found at. The mdhhs seasonal influenza web page has information on influenza activity, influenza vaccination, and resources for specific groups including health. This treatment summary topic describes influenza vaccine. Phe seasonal influenza antiviral treatment guideline phedh. Phe influenza immunisation guideline phedhdwp guideline.
So vaccination against seasonal influenza has to be undertaken annually. Immunisation by nurses and other health professionals. Influenza types a and b are responsible for most cases of clinical illness in. Seasonal influenza vaccination programme 20192020 hse. More information about clinical risk groups and vaccination can be found in the influenza green book chapter 19 and nice national institute for health and care excellence guidance. Prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza nejm. Inactivated influenza vaccine information for healthcare. A few news reports have suggested the use of an elderberry sambucus nigra extract as a potential preventative against the 2009 flu pandemic. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza v7. Influenza a symptoms can be confused with signs of. The green book has the latest information on vaccines and vaccination procedures, for vaccine preventable. To continue reading this article, you must log in with your personal, hospital, or group practice subscription.
A comparison of the effectiveness of oseltamivir for the treatment of influenza a and influenza b. It begins with basic epidemiological and clinical characteristics, including surveillance as a background. Not recommended for use as part of seasonal influenza vaccination programmes due to. There is usually a seasonal outbreak of flu influenza in the uk each winter. Influenza vaccination formulary recommendations 1819 nhs. Englishfrench seasonal influenza is an acute viral disease of the respiratory tract transmitted via aerosols or contaminated surfaces from infected people. Chapter 19, influenza, in immunisation against infectious disease the green book. Infectiousness is highest within 3 days of illness onset and is correlated with fever. Different strains of influenza return annually, claiming 25,000 lives per year in the united states alone. Phe summary of current guidance for healthcare professionals, the chapter on influenza in the green book, the national institute for health and care excellence nice technology appraisal amantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir for the treatment of influenza.
In the uk, people usually get seasonal flu between december and march, although outbreaks can happen as early as october and as late as may. Influenza immunisation information including updates for public health professionals. Influenza testing is not needed for all patients with signs and symptoms of. The compound has been proposed for treatment of influenza. The michigan department of health and human services mdhhs seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses.
Jun 06, 2014 to estimate the potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent influenza vaccine compared with trivalent influenza vaccine in the uk. Asthma was the most prevalent risk factor for hospitalization, occurring in 28% n 148 of the ph1n1 population, and 24% n 174 of those with seasonal influenza. This guidelines summary covers public health england phe guidance on the use of antiviral agents for the treatment of suspected or confirmed cases of seasonal influenza. Dec 21, 2018 type a influenza is a contagious viral infection that can have lifethreatening complications if left untreated. During this period, oseltamivir or zanamivir should be selected if an antiviral medication is used for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. There are different types of influenza viruses and they evolve and change. Seasonal influenza viruses have rarely been detected from nonrespiratory sources such as stool or blood. Jan 02, 2020 information for health professionals cdc read more on key information about vaccination, infection control, prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of seasonal influenza.
Influenza, one of the most common infectious diseases, is a highly contagious airborne disease that occurs in seasonal epidemics and manifests as an acute febrile illness with variable degrees of systemic symptoms, ranging from mild fatigue to respiratory failure and death. Seasonal influenza seasonal influenza is an acute illness of the respiratory tract caused by influenza viruses it is usually more common in periods from january to marchapril and from july to august in hong kong. A lifetime, multicohort, static markov model was constructed, with nine age groups each divided into healthy and atrisk. Additionally, aerosol transmission plays a part in influenza virus transmission. The preparation has been reported to reduce the duration of influenza symptoms by raising levels of cytokines.
Sep 25, 2017 many viruses can cause a flulike illness. The government resource immunisation against infectious disease the green book. Seqirus is a reliable supplier of seasonal influenza vaccine with the ability to rapidly respond to pandemic threats. A quadrivalent inactivated vaccine egg grown qive will be available for those aged 6 months to under two years of age and those aged 18 to 64 years of age in an at risk group. Symptoms were similar to those of seasonal influenza, although gastrointestinal symptoms vomiting and diarrhoea were more commonly reported than is usual.
Seasonal influenza is the most common infection and usually causes a selflimited febrile illness with upper respiratory symptoms and malaise that resolves within 10 days taubenberger and morens, 2008. The mdhhs seasonal influenza web page has information on influenza activity, influenza vaccination, and resources for specific groups including health professionals and clinical laboratories. It is difficult for an individual to develop long term immunity to influenza as the make up of the viral strains change slightly on a regular basis. Influenza types a and b are responsible for most cases of clinical illness in the uk.
Find information on coronavirus disease 2019 covid19. The current recommendations for seasonal influenza vaccine in the influenza chapter of the green book. Healthcare practitioners should refer to the green book influenza. To estimate the potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent influenza vaccine compared with trivalent influenza vaccine in the uk. Apr 10, 2020 find information on coronavirus disease 2019 covid19. Flulike illnesses typically cause a high temperature, aches and pains in muscles and joints, a cough and various other symptoms. Seasonal influenza a and b virus epidemics are associated with significant morbidity and mortality each year in the united states and worldwide. Seasonal influenza is a preventable infectious disease with mostly respiratory symptoms. Seasonal influenza an overview sciencedirect topics. Children and those who are immunocompromised or severely ill may shed influenza virus for 10 days or more after the onset of symptoms. Influenza vaccine treatment summary bnf content published by. Influenza is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract.
Seasonal influenza is a viral infection that spreads from person to person through respiratory droplets. The influenza chapter of the green book recommends both intradermal and intramuscular injected. Seasonal flu influenza is an infection caused by a virus that can affect your nose, throat and lungs. Seasonal influenza influenza is a highly infectious, viral infection of the respiratory tract. Everyone 6 months and older needs a flu vaccine each year.
Information for health professionals cdc read more on key information about vaccination, infection control, prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of seasonal influenza. Hivaids or treatment such as cancer treatment o morbidly. Inactivated influenza vaccine information for healthcare practitioners 5. Influenza april 2019 19 influenza the disease influenza is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract. The recent updates include changes to the asthma and egg allergy sections and added information on newly licensed influenza vaccines. For periods in which influenza is reported to be circulating in the community, existing national institute for health and clinical excellence nice guidance recommends the use of antiviral treatment either oseltamivir or zanamivir only in atrisk populations as defined by the department of health in the green book. You can see our summary of phe advice on prophylactic treatment of people who may have been exposed to seasonal influenza here and frequently asked questions can be found he. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment.
Seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Page 15 of 36 this copy is uncontrolled when printed. This can be used by clinicians working in any sector of. Seqirus also inlicenses a wide range of vaccines, antivenoms and pharmaceutical products from our partner licensors to ensure these products are available to meet the needs of australias community at home and abroad.
This short, intermediatelevel course is for frontline health workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed seasonal influenza infection. Early administration of oral oseltamivir increases the benefits of influenza treatment. Health experts recommend that all people 6 months of age and older get a flu shot. Influenza a and influenza b are responsible for most clinical illness. These recommendations are based on the public health england phe phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal influenza, the use of antivirals for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america. Prevention with vaccines and prevention of seasonal influenza with antiviral drugs in adults and treatment of seasonal influenza in adults. Influenza burden, prevention, and treatment in asthma.
Phedhdwp guideline phe antivirals for influenza faq. Change to the niac guidelines for treatment of anaphylaxis. Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases. In uncomplicated cases, bed rest with adequate hydration is the treatment of choice for most adolescents and young adult patients hoffmann 2006b. Three types of seasonal influenza viruses are recognised to cause human infection, namely a, b and c. Seasonal influenza, also known as the flu, is an illness that is caused by viruses.
These viruses invade the respiratory tract, or the nose, throat and lungs, and are spread from one person to another by coughing or sneezing. Clinical practice from the new england journal of medicine prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza. The potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent versus. The flu short for influenza is a respiratory virus that affects the throat, nose, bronchi and, sometimes, the lungs. Flu season is an annually recurring time period characterized by the prevalence of outbreaks of influenza flu. Hps website green book chapter on influenza updated. September 2011 revised to include updated guidance from the department of healths immunization against infectious disease the green book chapter 19, influenza updated in july 2011 for the 20112012 seasonal influenza vaccination programme, and new recommendations from the chief medical officer 2011. Immunisation against infectious diseases the green book influenza chapter. Flu vaccination has been shown to prevent flu illnesses, doctors visits and hospitalizations and can.
Seasonal influenza adult patients diagnosis respiratory virus testing should be considered in individuals presenting during influenza season with fever and influenzalike symptoms of myalgia, arthralgia, headache, andor sore throat. Seasonal influenza viruses have rarely been detected from nonrespiratory sources such as. The remaining modules then present a stepbystep approach to clinical management. Influenza activity can sometimes be predicted and even tracked geographically. The objectives of the influenza immunisation programme are to protect. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and immunisation in readiness.
Follow four steps to protect yourself and your loved ones from flu. Influenza a symptoms can be confused with signs of other conditions but are usually. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and. Annual national flu programme letter 2019 to 2020 nhs england. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal influenza 2015. It is caused by influenza virus and is easily transmitted, predominantly via the droplet and contact routes and by indirect spread from respiratory secretions on hands, tissues, etc. Influenza national institute for health and care excellence. Immunosuppression due to disease or treatment, including patients.
The green book, the annual flu letter and subsequent. Phe summary of current guidance for healthcare professionals, the chapter on influenza in the green book. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and immunisation in readiness for the 2015 to 2016 influenza season. Flu vaccination has been shown to prevent flu illnesses, doctors visits and hospitalizations and can be lifesaving in children 20182019 u. Type a influenza is a contagious viral infection that can have lifethreatening complications if left untreated. Skip directly to site content skip directly to page options skip directly to az link. This course provides a general introduction to the disease and is intended for personnel involved in seasonal influenza outbreak preparedness and. This course provides a general introduction to the disease and is intended for personnel involved in seasonal influenza outbreak preparedness and response. The seasonal flu vaccine is available from october 2019 until end of april.
People can also get the flu by touching an object or surface containing flu viruses and then touching their mouth. The season occurs during the cold half of the year in each hemisphere. One study estimated that during 20102016, the seasonal incidence of symptomatic influenza among all ages in the united states was approximately 8% and varied from 3% to 11%. Influenza is one of the most dangerous epidemic infectious diseases in modern history, causing 75 million deaths in the 1918 h1n1 influenza pandemic. The quadrivalent influenza vaccine qiv will protect against four strains of flu.